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"Old Dan Tucker", also known as "Ole Dan Tucker", "Dan Tucker", and other variants, is a popular American song. Its origins remain obscure; the tune may have come from oral tradition, and the words may have been written by songwriter and performer Dan Emmett. The blackface troupe the Virginia Minstrels popularized "Old Dan Tucker" in 1843, and it quickly became a minstrel hit, behind only "Miss Lucy Long" and "Mary Blane" in popularity during the antebellum period. "Old Dan Tucker" entered the folk vernacular around the same time. Today it is a bluegrass and country music standard. It is no. 390 in the Roud Folk Song Index. The first sheet music edition of "Old Dan Tucker", published in 1843, is a song of boasts and nonsense in the vein of previous minstrel hits such as "Jump Jim Crow" and "Gumbo Chaff". In exaggerated Black Vernacular English, the lyrics tell of Dan Tucker's exploits in a strange town, where he fights, gets drunk, overeats, and breaks other social taboos. Minstrel troupes freely added and removed verses, and folk singers have since added hundreds more. Parodies and political versions are also known. The song falls into the idiom of previous minstrel music, relying on rhythm and text declamation as its primary motivation. Its melody is simple and the harmony little developed. Nevertheless, contemporary critics found the song more pleasant than previous minstrel fare. Musicologist Dale Cockrell argues that the song represents a transition between early minstrel music and the more European-style songs of minstrelsy's later years. ==Lyrics== "Old Dan Tucker" as originally published exemplifies the masculine boasting songs that predominated in early minstrelsy.〔Crawford 211.〕〔Mahar 15, 228〕 Modern analysts emphasize the song's rawness, racism, and disdain for social taboos. In ersatz Black Vernacular English,〔Cockrell 156.〕〔McCulloch-Williams, quoted in Lomax and Lomax 259.〕 the song uses short, active words such as ''runnin'' and ''cryin'', to portray Dan Tucker as a rough-and-ready black man in the mold of Jim Crow, Gumbo Chaff,〔Cockrell 155.〕 and ultimately the tall tale frontiersman:〔Stearns and Stearns 43–44.〕 :I come to town de udder night, :I hear de noise an saw de fight, :De watchman was a runnin roun, :Cryin Old Dan Tucker's come to town. :Gran' Chorus. ::So get out de way! Get out de way! ::Get out de way! Old Dan Tucker. ::You're too late to come to supper. Tucker is an animalistic character, driven by sex, violence, and strong drink. He is ugly, unrefined, and unintelligent,〔 even infantilized.〔Lott 143–144.〕 As a stranger in town, his devil-may-care actions show his problems with or ambivalence to adapting to local mores.〔Mahar 228.〕 More broadly, Tucker's disdain for social norms allows the song to send up respectable middle class American society, as evidenced by the final verse:〔Crawford 208, 211.〕 :Tucker was a hardened sinner, :He nebber said his grace at dinner; :De ole sow squeel, de pigs did squall :He 'hole hog wid de tail and all. Other verses are simply nonsense that do not go along with the main narrative. Their lines seem to serve no other purpose than to make a rhyme or extend the patter scheme.〔Mahar 230.〕 The third verse is one example: :Here's my razor in good order :Magnum bonum—jis hab bought 'er; :Sheep shell oats, Tucker shell de corn, :I'll shabe you soon as de water get warm.〔All song quotations from "Old Dan Tucker" sheet music (1843), Charles H. Keith, Boston. Quoted in Waltz.〕 Dan Tucker is both the teller and subject of the story. Verses 1, 3, and 5 of the 1843 edition are in the first person, whereas verses 2, 4, and 7 are in the third. This reflects the song's intended performance by an entire minstrel troupe. The lead minstrel played Tucker and began the song, but backup singers took over at times to allow Tucker to act out the scenario, dance, and do another comedy bit.〔Mahar 15.〕 There was probably an element of competition to the various dance and music solos.〔 The third-person verses also allowed for commentary to suggest to the audience how they were to judge the character and his antics.〔 Individual companies probably selectively performed verses from the song or added new ones.〔Mahar 229–230.〕 For example, the Virginia Serenaders added verses about the Irish, Dutch, and French.〔Mahar 397 note 40.〕 At least four versions of the song were published with different lyrics during the 19th century.〔Winans 149.〕 A parody called "Clar de Track" appears in some playbills and songsters.〔Mahar 367.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Old Dan Tucker」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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